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CLASS-04

Links are created using the <a> element and the href attribute. (e.g.)

<a href="https://www.imdb.com/">IMDB</a>

In that example IMDB becomes the link.

  • Absolute URLS: A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is the web address we type on a browser to visit a site. We need to specify the domain name.
  • Relative URLS: A shorthand version of absolute urls. We don’t need to type the domain name. We use them to link pages within the same site.

EMAIL LINKS: We use mailto inside the <a> tag. (e.g)

<a href="mailto:jon@example.org">Email Jon</a>

NEW WINDOW LINKS: We use target when we want the link to open in a new window. (e.g)

<a href="https://www.imdb.com/" target="_blank">IMDB</a>

LINK TO A SECTION OF SAME PAGE: We use the ID attribute to specify the point in the page we want to link to and we use # inside the <a>tag. (e.g)

<a href=#"top">

CSS LAYOUT

CSS treats each HTML element as its own box, block-Level or inline-Level. It has the following positioning schemes to control the layout:

  • Normal Flow: Every block-level element appears in a new line.
  • Relative Positioning: Moves the element from where it would have been in normal flow.
  • Absolute Positioning: Positions the element in relation to its containing element. It moves as the user scrolls up or down.
  • Fixed Positioning: Similar to absolute positioning but positions the element in relation to the browser window instead. It does not move when the user scrolls up or down.
  • Floating Elements: Takes element out of normal flow and position it to the far left or right of the a containing box.

JAVASCRIPT FUNCTIONS

Functions are a series of statements grouped together to perform a specific task. They can be reused in different parts of the script.

DECLARING A FUNCTION:

We have to name it and write the statements needed as a code block for it to perform its task.

function sayHello() { document.write('Hello!') }

  • Calling: When we ask the function to perform its task. We use its name, parentheses & semicolon at the end. (e.g)

    • sayHello();

  • Parameters: Pieces of information that some functions need to perform a task. We added like a variable after function’s name (e.g.)

    • function getArea(width, height) { return width * height; }

  • Arguments: The specific values we can assign to the parameters. (e.g.)

    • getArea(3, 5);

  • Return Value: The answer expected from a functions after performing its tasks. The response is returned to the code that called it. We can create variables inside a function to achieve this:

    • function calculateArea (width, height) { var are = width * height response area; }

  • Variable Scope: The locations where a variable is declared:

    • Local Variable: Variables created inside the function.
    • Global Variable: Variables created outside the function.

ANONYMOUS FUNCTIONS: Functions can work withoUt naming them. If we put the function where the interpreter would expect to see an expression, it is treated as an expression.

IMMEDIATELY INVOKED FUNCTION EXPRESSIONS (IIFE): This is when functions without a name are executed the moment the moment the interpreter comes across them.

PAIR PGROGRAMMING

Pair programming is the practice of two developers sharing a single workstation to interactively work on a coding task together. It involves two roles:

  • Driver: Programmer that types.
  • Navigator: Programmer that guides the driver. Using only their words.

Things I want to know more about

  • Understanding functions better.

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